Kutalika kwa moyo wa anthu padziko lonse lapansi kukuchulukirachulukira.Masiku ano, anthu ambiri akhoza kukhala ndi moyo zaka zoposa 60, kapena kupitirirapo.Kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu okalamba m'mayiko onse padziko lonse lapansi kukukulirakulira.
Podzafika 2030, munthu mmodzi mwa anthu asanu ndi mmodzi padziko lapansi adzakhala ali ndi zaka 60 kapena kuposerapo.Pa nthawiyo, chiwerengero cha anthu azaka 60 kapena kuposerapo chidzakwera kuchoka pa biliyoni imodzi mu 2020 kufika pa 1.4 biliyoni.Pofika 2050, kuchuluka kwa anthu zaka zaka 60 kapena kupitirira kudzawonjezera 2.1 biliyoni.Kuchuluka kwa anthu zaka 80 kapena kupitirira kusokoneza pakati pa 2020 ndi 2050, kufikira 426 miliyoni.
Ngakhale kukalamba kwa anthu, komwe kumadziwika kuti kukalamba kwa anthu, kudayamba m'maiko opeza ndalama zambiri (monga ku Japan, komwe 30% ya anthu ali ndi zaka zopitilira 60), tsopano ndi mayiko omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa komanso apakati omwe akukumana ndi vutoli. kusintha kwakukulu.Pofika chaka cha 2050, magawo awiri pa atatu aliwonse a anthu padziko lapansi azaka 60 kapena kuposerapo adzakhala akukhala m'mayiko osauka ndi apakati.
Kufotokozera za ukalamba
Pazachilengedwe, ukalamba ndi chifukwa cha kudzikundikira kwa kuwonongeka kwa ma cell ndi ma cell pakapita nthawi.Zimenezi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwapang’onopang’ono kwa mphamvu zakuthupi ndi zamaganizo, kuwonjezereka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda, ndipo pamapeto pake imfa.Zosinthazi sizikhala za mzere komanso sizigwirizana, ndipo zimangogwirizana ndi msinkhu wa munthu.Kusiyanasiyana komwe kumaonekera pakati pa anthu okalamba sikuchitika mwachisawawa.Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwa thupi, kukalamba nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa moyo, monga kupuma, kumasamukira ku nyumba yabwino kwambiri, komanso kufa kwa abwenzi ndi abwenzi.
Matenda wamba okhudzana ndi ukalamba
Mikhalidwe yaumoyo pakati pa okalamba imaphatikizapo kutayika kwa makutu, ng'ala ndi zolakwika zowonongeka, kupweteka kwa msana ndi khosi, ndi osteoarthritis, matenda osokoneza bongo a m'mapapo, matenda a shuga, kuvutika maganizo, ndi dementia.Anthu akamakula, amakhala ndi mwayi wokumana ndi zinthu zingapo nthawi imodzi.
Chikhalidwe china cha ukalamba ndikutuluka kwa zovuta zingapo zaumoyo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa geriatric syndromes.Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo kufooka, kusadziletsa kwa mkodzo, kugwa, kukhumudwa, ndi zilonda zapakhosi.
Zinthu zomwe zikukhudza ukalamba wabwino
Kutalika kwa moyo wautali kumapereka mwayi osati kwa okalamba ndi mabanja awo okha komanso kwa anthu onse.Zaka zowonjezera zimapereka mwayi wochita zinthu zatsopano, monga maphunziro opitilira, ntchito zatsopano, kapena zilakolako zomwe zanyalanyazidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.Anthu okalamba amathandiziranso mabanja ndi madera m'njira zingapo.Komabe, digiri yomwe mwayiwu ndi zoperekazo zimadziwika kwambiri zimatengera chinthu chimodzi: thanzi.
Umboni umasonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino sichisintha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiwerengero cha zaka zomwe amakhala ndi thanzi labwino chikuwonjezeka.Ngati anthu atha kukhala zaka zowonjezera izi ndi moyo wabwino komanso ngati amakhala m'malo othandiza, kuthekera kwawo kuchita zinthu zomwe amakonda kudzakhala chimodzimodzi ndi kwa anthu achichepere.Ngati zaka zowonjezerazi zimadziwika ndi kuchepa mphamvu zakuthupi ndi m'maganizo, ndiye kuti zokhudza anthu okalamba ndi anthu zidzakhala zoipa.
Ngakhale kusintha kwina kwamisala komwe kumachitika mu ukalamba ndi majini, ambiri chifukwa cha malo okhala komanso anthu ena, kuphatikiza mabanja awo, oyandikana ndi madera, komanso madera awo.
Ngakhale kusintha kwina kwa thanzi la okalamba ndi chibadwa, zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kuthupi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, kuphatikizapo mabanja awo, oyandikana nawo, dera lawo, ndi makhalidwe awo, monga jenda, mtundu, kapena chikhalidwe cha anthu.Malo omwe anthu amakula, ngakhale mu gawo la fetal, kuphatikiza ndi mawonekedwe awo, amakhala ndi vuto lautali.
Malo okhala ndi thupi komanso momwe anthu amakhalira amatha kukhudza thanzi lachindunji kapena mwanjira ina mwa kusokoneza zopinga kapena zolimbikitsa ku mwayi, zisankho, ndi makhalidwe abwino.Kusungabe mikhalidwe yathanzi pa moyo wonse, makamaka kudya zakudya zofunikira nthawi zonse, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, komanso kusiya kusuta, zonse zimathandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda osagwirizana, kukonza luso lakuthupi ndi m'maganizo, ndikuchedwa kukhazikika pa chisamaliro.
Malo othandizira thupi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu amalolanso anthu kuchita zinthu zofunika zomwe zingakhale zovuta chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa luso.Zitsanzo za madera othandizira zimaphatikizapo kupezeka kwa nyumba zotetezeka komanso zopezeka pagulu ndi mayendedwe, komanso madera oyenda.Pokulitsa njira zamisonkhano yaumoyo chaboma pokalamba, ndikofunikira kulinganiza njira imodzi yokha ndi chilengedwe yomwe imachepetsa kugona, komanso zomwe zingakuletsere kukula, komanso kuchuluka kwa chikhalidwe cha pathupi.
Zovuta Pothana ndi Anthu Okalamba
Palibe munthu wachikulire weniweni.Akuluakulu ena azaka 80 ali ndi mphamvu zakuthupi ndi zamaganizo mofanana ndi azaka zambiri za 30 zakubadwa, pamene ena amatsika kwambiri adakali achichepere.Njira zothandizira zaumoyo za anthu ziyenera kuthana ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana ndi zosowa pakati pa okalamba.
Kuti athane ndi zovuta za ukalamba, akatswiri azaumoyo ndi anthu akuyenera kuvomereza ndikutsutsa malingaliro okalamba, kukhazikitsa mfundo zothana ndi zomwe zikuchitika komanso zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa, ndikupanga malo othandizira omwe amalola okalamba kuchita zinthu zofunika zomwe zingakhale zovuta. ku kuchepa kwa luso.
Chitsanzo chimodzi cha zimeneziZipangizo zolimbitsa thupi ndi kukweza chimbudzi.Zimatha kuthandiza okalamba kapena anthu omwe ali ndi malire ocheperako omwe amayenda pamavuto popita kuchimbudzi.Pokulitsa njira zaumoyo za anthu okalamba, ndikofunikira kusanthula njira zokhazokha zokha komanso za chilengedwe zomwe zimachepetsa zoseweretsa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi ukalamba komanso zomwe zingakuletsere kukula, komanso kuchuluka kwa zamaganizidwe, komanso chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe.
Yankho la WHO
United Nations Yambiri ya General yalengeza 2021-2030 ngati zaka khumi zokalamba zathanzi komanso zoyambira padziko lonse lapansi.Kukalamba kwa zaka khumi ndi zaka zapadziko lonse lapansi komwe kumabweretsa pamodzi maboma, gulu la anthu, akatswiri, manyuzipepala, maanja, komanso zochitika zachinsinsi kuti zikhale moyo wautali komanso wathanzi.
Zaka khumizi zimachokera ku WHO Global Strategy and Action Plan on Aging and Health ndi United Nations Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing, kuthandizira kukwaniritsidwa kwa United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Sustainable Development Goals.
UN Decade of Healthy Aging (2021-2030) ikufuna kukwaniritsa zolinga zinayi:
Kusintha nkhani ndi zigawo zozungulira;
Kupanga malo othandizira kukalamba;
Kupereka chisamaliro chophatikizira ndi zoyambirira za okalamba;
Kupititsa patsogolo kuyeza, kuyang'anira, ndi kufufuza za ukalamba wathanzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-13-2023
