Ubude bempilo yabantu emhlabeni wonke buyanda.Namuhla, abantu abaningi bangaphila baze babe ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-60 ubudala, noma ngisho nangaphezulu.Ubukhulu nenani labantu asebekhulile kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni wonke liyakhula.
Ngo-2030, umuntu oyedwa kwabayisithupha emhlabeni uzobe eseneminyaka engama-60 noma ngaphezulu.Ngaleso sikhathi, inani labantu abaneminyaka engu-60 noma ngaphezulu lizokhuphuka lisuka ebhiliyoni elilodwa ngo-2020 liye ebhiliyoni elingu-1.4.Ngo-2050, inani labantu abaneminyaka engu-60 noma ngaphezulu lizophindeka kabili lifinyelele ku-2.1 billion.Isibalo sabantu abaneminyaka engama-80 noma ngaphezulu kulindeleke ukuthi baphindwe kabili phakathi kuka-2020 no-2050, bafinyelela ezigidini ezingama-426.
Nakuba ukuguga kwesibalo sabantu, okwaziwa ngokuthi ukuguga kwabantu, kwaqala emazweni anemali engenayo ephezulu (njengaseJapan, lapho u-30% wabantu sebengaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala), manje amazwe anemali engenayo ephansi kanye nemaphakathi abhekene nenkinga yokugula. izinguquko ezinkulu kakhulu.Ngo-2050, izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu bomhlaba abaneminyaka engama-60 noma ngaphezulu bazobe behlala emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi naphakathi.
Ukuchazwa kokuguga
Ezingeni lebhayoloji, ukuguga kuwumphumela wokunqwabelana komonakalo ohlukahlukene wamangqamuzana namangqamuzana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Lokhu kuholela ekwehleni kancane kancane kwamakhono angokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ukwanda kwengozi yezifo, futhi ekugcineni nokufa.Lezi zinguquko azinamugqa noma aziguquki, futhi zihlotshaniswa ngokukhululekile neminyaka yomuntu.Ukwehluka okubonwa kubantu asebekhulile akuzenzeki.Ngaphezu kwezinguquko ezingokomzimba, ukuguga kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinye izinguquko zempilo, njengokuthatha umhlalaphansi, ezithuthela ezindlini ezifanelekile, kanye nokufa kwabangane kanye nabalingani.
Izimo zezempilo ezivamile ezihlobene nokuguga
Izimo zempilo ezivamile phakathi kwabantu asebekhulile zihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ama-cataract kanye namaphutha e-refractive, ubuhlungu beqolo nentamo, kanye ne-osteoarthritis, isifo se-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, isifo sikashukela, ukucindezeleka, nokuwohloka komqondo.Njengoba abantu bekhula, kungenzeka ukuthi bathole izimo eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Esinye isici sokuguga ukuvela kwezimo zezempilo eziningana eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-geriatric syndromes.Imvamisa bangumphumela wezinto ezingaphansi, kufaka phakathi ubuthakathaka, ukungasebenzi komchamo, ukuwa, ukudilizwa, kanye nezilonda zengcindezi.
Izici ezithinta ukuguga okunempilo
Izikhathi ezinde zokuphila zinikeza amathuba hhayi abantu asebekhulile kanye nemindeni yabo kodwa futhi nomphakathi wonke.Iminyaka eyengeziwe inikezela ngamathuba okulandela imisebenzi emisha, efana nemfundo eqhubekayo, imisebenzi emisha, noma izinkanuko ezinde ezinganakwa.Abantu asebekhulile nabo banomthelela emindenini nasemiphakathini ngezindlela eziningi.Kodwa-ke, izinga okwenziwa ngalo la mathuba neminikelo lincike kakhulu esicini esisodwa: impilo.
Ubufakazi buveza ukuthi ingxenye yabantu abanempilo emzimbeni ihlala ihlala njalo, okusho ukuthi inani leminyaka liphila ngempilo engeyinhle liyanda.Uma abantu bengaphila le minyaka ethe xaxa empilweni enhle ngokomzimba futhi uma bephila endaweni esekelayo, amandla abo okwenza izinto abawazisayo babefana neyabantu abancane.Uma le minyaka eyengeziwe ibonakala ngokuwohloka kwamakhono ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, khona-ke umthelela kubantu asebekhulile nasemphakathini uzoba mubi kakhulu.
Yize ezinye zezinguquko zezempilo ezenzeka ekugugeni zingufuzo, iningi lingenxa yezindawo zabantu abangokomzimba nezenhlalo - kufaka phakathi imindeni yabo, omakhelwane kanye nemiphakathi yabo, nezimpawu zabo.
Yize ezinye izinguquko ezempilo yabantu asebekhulile zingezofuzo, iningi lingezofuzo ezingokomzimba nezenhlalo, kufaka phakathi umndeni wazo, umakhelwane, umphakathi, kanye nesimo sezomnotho, njengezimo zezomnotho.Imvelo lapho abantu bakhula khona, ngisho nasesigabeni se-fetus, kuhlanganiswe nezimpawu zabo, kunomthelela wesikhathi eside ekugugeni kwabo.
Izindawo ezingokomzimba nezenhlalo zingathinta ngokuqondile noma zingaqondile ngempilo ngokuthonya izithiyo noma izinkathazo ngamathuba, izinqumo kanye nokuziphatha okunempilo.Ukugcina Ukuziphatha Okunempilo Kuwo Kuwo wonke impilo, ikakhulukazi ukudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, nokuyeka ukubhema, bonke banikela ekunciphiseni ubungozi bezifo ezingathathelanayo, ukwenza ngcono amakhono omzimba nawengqondo, nokubambezela ukuncika ekunakekelweni.
Izindawo ezisekelayo ezingokomzimba nezenhlalo nazo zivumela abantu ukuba benze izinto ezibalulekile ezingaba inselele ngenxa yokuncipha kwamakhono.Izibonelo zezindawo ezisekelwayo zifaka ukutholakala kwezakhiwo zomphakathi eziphephile nezitholakala ezifinyelelekayo nokuhamba, kanye nezindawo ezihamba ngezinyawo.Ekwakheni amasu ezempilo emphakathini wokuguga, kubalulekile ukuthi ungacabangi kuphela izindlela zokuthola ukulahleka okuhambisana nokuguga, kodwa futhi nalezo ezingase zithuthukise ukululama, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kanye nokukhula kwengqondo.
Izinselelo Zokubhekana Nabantu Asebekhulile
Akekho umuntu osekhulile ojwayelekile.Ezinye izingane ezineminyaka engu-80 ubudala zinamakhono omzimba nakwezengqondo ezifana nezingane ezineminyaka engu-30, kanti ezinye zithola ukwehla okukhulu engcupheni omncane.Ukungenelela okuphelele kwezempilo yomphakathi kufanele kubhekane nohlobo olubanzi lwamava nezidingo kubantu asebekhulile.
Ukubhekana nezinselelo zokuguga kwabantu, ochwepheshe bezempilo yomphakathi kanye nenhlangano yezempilo kudingeka bavume futhi bathuthukise izinqubomgomo zokubhekana nezitayela zamanje nezenhlalo ezivumela abantu asebekhulile ukuba basebenzise izinto ezibalulekile ngenxa efanelekile emakhonweni anciphayo.
Isibonelo salokhoizinto ezibonakalayo ezisekelayo i-toilet lift.Kungasiza asebekhulile noma abantu abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe bahlangabezana nezinkinga ezinamahloni lapho beya endlini encane.Ekwakheni amasu ezempilo emphakathini wokuguga, kubalulekile ukuthi ungacabangi kuphela izindlela zokuthola ukulahleka okuhambisana nokuguga kodwa futhi nalezo ezingasenza ngcono ukululama, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kanye nokukhula kwengqondo.
Impendulo ye-WHO
I-United Nations General Assembly imemezele unyaka wezi-2021-2030 njengeshumi leminyaka le-UN lokuguga okunempilo futhi wacela i-World Health Organization ukuthi ihole ekusetshenzisweni kwayo.I-UN Decade of Healthy Aging iwukubambisana komhlaba wonke okuhlanganisa ndawonye ohulumeni, izinhlangano zomphakathi, izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe, ochwepheshe, izifundiswa, abezindaba, nezinkampani ezizimele ukuze zenze iminyaka eyi-10 yesenzo esihlelekile, esishukumisayo, nesokuhlanganyela ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimpilo ezinde nezinempilo.
Iminyaka eyishumi isuselwa kwicebo le-Global Global and Action Plan ekugugeni nasempilweni kanye ne-United Nations Madrid International Plan of Agen, exhasa impumelelo ye-United Nations 2030 Ajenda yentuthuko esimeme kanye nezinhloso zokuthuthukisa esimeme.
I-UN eyishumi yokuguga enempilo (2021-2030) ihlose ukufeza izinhloso ezine:
Ukushintsha ukulandisa kanye nezinkolelo-ze mayelana nokuguga;
Ukwakha izindawo ezisekela ukuguga;
Ukuletha ukunakekelwa okudidiyelwe kanye nezinsizakalo zezempilo eziyisisekelo kubantu abadala;
Ukwenza ngcono ukukalwa, ukuqapha, kanye nocwaningo ngokuguga okunempilo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-13-2023
